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          LV07-06-SQLite-C语言API
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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>本文主要是<code>SQLite</code>数据库的<code>C</code>语言接口相关笔记，若笔记中有错误或者不合适的地方，欢迎批评指正😃。</p>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看本文参考资料 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr><td align="center">参考方向  </td><td align="center">参考原文</td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">SQLite官网</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.sqlite.org/index.html" target="_blank">SQLite Home Page <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">SQLite中文网</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/" target="_blank">SQLite 中文网 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">SQLite 基础教程</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.php.cn/manual/view/19335.html" target="_blank">SQLite参考手册 - 在线原生手册 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">菜鸟教程</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-tutorial.html" target="_blank">SQLite 教程 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr>    <tr><td align="left">易百教程</td><td align="left"><a href="https://www.yiibai.com/sqlite" target="_blank">SQLite 教程 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr></table>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看相关文件下载 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center">---</td>        <td align="left">--- <a href="" target="_blank">  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></td>      </tr></table>
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<p>这一部分就主要是<code>C</code>语言的<code>API</code>函数介绍了，这些函数在<code>SQLite</code>官网首页上都有：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.html">List Of SQLite Functions <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/funclist.html">功能列表：_SQlite中文网 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>），需要注意的是，一定要提前装好<code>sqlite3</code>和相关库，这样编译链接程序的时候才不会报错。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt install sqlite3            # 安装sqlite3</span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev # 安装函数库</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>编译链接程序的时候要记得加上<code>-lsqlite3</code></p>
<h1 id="一、sqlite3-open-函数"><a href="#一、sqlite3-open-函数" class="headerlink" title="一、sqlite3_open()函数"></a><font size=3>一、<code>sqlite3_open()函数</code></font></h1><h2 id="1-函数说明"><a href="#1-函数说明" class="headerlink" title="1. 函数说明"></a><font size=3>1. 函数说明</font></h2><p>我们可以在这里看到函数原型：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/open.html">Opening A New Database Connection (sqlite.org)  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/open.html">打开一个新的数据库连接_SQlite中文网 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sqlite3_open</span><span class="params">(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *filename,   <span class="comment">/* Database filename (UTF-8) */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  sqlite3 **ppDb          <span class="comment">/* OUT: SQLite db handle */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于打开一个 <code>SQLite</code> 数据库文件。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>filename</code>：<code>char</code>类型指针变量，指向要打开的数据库文件。</li>
<li><code>ppDb</code>：<code>sqlite3</code>类型<strong>二级指针变量</strong>，表示数据库句柄，一般我们会定义一个一级指针变量<code>sqlite3 *db</code>，所以这里在进行传参的时候要传入一个地址，所以就需要传入<code>&amp;db</code>。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，如果成功打开（或创建）数据库，则返回<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/rescode.html#ok">SQLITE_OK</a>，失败返回出错码。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(<span class="string">&quot;database_name.db&quot;</span>, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error!\n&quot;</span>,);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong></p>
<p>（1）如果 <code>filename</code>参数是 <code>NULL</code> 或 <code>:memory:</code>，那么 <code>sqlite3_open()</code> 将会在 <code>RAM</code>中创建一个内存数据库，这只会在会话<code>session</code> 的有效时间内持续。</p>
<p>（2）如果文件名 <code>filename</code> 不为 <code>NULL</code>，那么 <code>sqlite3_open()</code> 将使用这个参数值尝试打开数据库文件。如果该名称的文件不存在，<code>sqlite3_open()</code> 将创建一个新的命名为该名称的数据库文件并打开。</p>
<h2 id="2-使用实例"><a href="#2-使用实例" class="headerlink" title="2. 使用实例"></a><font size=3>2. 使用实例</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 * db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open [%s] error!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open [%s] success!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open [user.db] success!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="二、sqlite3-close-函数"><a href="#二、sqlite3-close-函数" class="headerlink" title="二、sqlite3_close()函数"></a><font size=3>二、<code>sqlite3_close()函数</code></font></h1><h2 id="1-函数说明-1"><a href="#1-函数说明-1" class="headerlink" title="1. 函数说明"></a><font size=3>1. 函数说明</font></h2><p>我们可以在这里看到函数原型：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/close.html">Closing A Database Connection (sqlite.org) <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/close.html">关闭数据库连接_SQlite中文网 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> sqlite3_close（sqlite3 *）;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于关闭一个打开的 <code>SQLite</code> 数据库文件。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>arg1</code>：<code>sqlite3</code>类型指针变量，指向要关闭的数据库文件，函数声明只需要数据类型即可，所以这里没有写形参名，注意这里是一个一级指针。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，如果成功关闭数据库，则返回<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/rescode.html#ok">SQLITE_OK</a>，如果还有操作没有完成，将返回 <code>SQLITE_BUSY</code> 禁止关闭的错误消息。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_close(db);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong><code>none</code></p>
<h2 id="2-使用实例-1"><a href="#2-使用实例-1" class="headerlink" title="2. 使用实例"></a><font size=3>2. 使用实例</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open [%s] error!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open [%s] success!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close [%s] error!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close [%s] success!\n&quot;</span>, DATABASE);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open [user.db] success!</span><br><span class="line">Close [user.db] success!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="三、sqlite3-errmsg-函数"><a href="#三、sqlite3-errmsg-函数" class="headerlink" title="三、sqlite3_errmsg()函数"></a><font size=3>三、<code>sqlite3_errmsg()函数</code></font></h1><h2 id="1-函数说明-2"><a href="#1-函数说明-2" class="headerlink" title="1. 函数说明"></a><font size=3>1. 函数说明</font></h2><p>我们可以在这里看到函数原型：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/errcode.html">Error Codes And Messages (sqlite.org)  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/errcode.html">错误代码和消息_SQlite中文网  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> * sqlite3_errmsg（sqlite3 *）;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于得到错误信息的描述。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>arg1</code>：<code>sqlite3</code>类型指针变量，指向要获取错误信息的数据库句柄，函数声明只需要数据类型即可，所以这里没有写形参名，注意这里是一个一级指针。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>char</code>类型指针变量，返回一个指向描述错误信息的字符串的指针变量。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong><code>none</code></p>
<h2 id="2-使用实例-2"><a href="#2-使用实例-2" class="headerlink" title="2. 使用实例"></a><font size=3>2. 使用实例</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open success:[not an error]!</span><br><span class="line">Close success:[library routine called out of sequence]!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="四、sqlite3-exec-函数"><a href="#四、sqlite3-exec-函数" class="headerlink" title="四、sqlite3_exec()函数"></a><font size=3>四、<code>sqlite3_exec()函数</code></font></h1><h2 id="1-函数说明-3"><a href="#1-函数说明-3" class="headerlink" title="1. 函数说明"></a><font size=3>1. 函数说明</font></h2><p>我们可以在这里看到函数原型：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/exec.html">One-Step Query Execution Interface (sqlite.org) <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/exec.html">一站式查询执行界面_SQlite中文网 <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sqlite3_exec</span><span class="params">(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  sqlite3*,                                  <span class="comment">/* An open database */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *sql,                           <span class="comment">/* SQL to be evaluated */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">int</span> (*callback)(<span class="type">void</span>*,<span class="type">int</span>,<span class="type">char</span>**,<span class="type">char</span>**),  <span class="comment">/* Callback function */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">void</span> *,                                    <span class="comment">/* 1st argument to callback */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">char</span> **errmsg                              <span class="comment">/* Error msg written here */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于执行一条执<code>SQLite</code>语句。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>arg1</code>：<code>sqlite3</code>类型指针变量，指向一个已经打开的数据库，其实就是要操作数据库的句柄，函数声明只需要数据类型即可，所以这里没有写形参名，注意这里是一个一级指针。</li>
<li><code>sql</code>：<code>char</code>类型指针变量，要执行的<code>SQLite</code>语句（是一个指向<code>SQLite</code>语句字符串首地址的指针变量）。</li>
<li><code>callback</code>：<code>int (*)(void*,int,char**,char**)</code>类型的一个函数指针，指向一个回调函数，一般只有在查询时（也就是执行<code>SELECT</code>语句）才用得上，若设置为<code>NULL</code>，则不会调用任何回调函数，并且将忽略结果行。</li>
</ul>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看数据类型分析 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <p>（1）<code>callback</code>前边有一个<code>*</code>并且由<code>()</code>括起来，说明这首先是一个指针变量；</p><p>（2）后边的<code>()</code>表示这个指针变量指向一个函数，这个函数带有四个形参；</p><p>（3）前边的<code>int</code>表示函数返回值为<code>int</code>类型。</p><p>总的来说，指针变量<code>callback</code>可以指向一个带有<code>void*</code>,<code>int</code>,<code>char**</code>,<code>char**</code>等四个类型形参且返回值为<code>int</code>类型的函数。</p>
              </div>
            </details>

<ul>
<li><code>arg4</code>：<code>void</code>类型指针变量，一般要进行强制类型转换，用于为回调函数传递参数；</li>
<li><code>errmsg</code>：<code>char</code>类型的二级指针变量，指向错误消息。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，如果成功执行语句，则返回<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/rescode.html#ok">SQLITE_OK</a>，失败返回出错码。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *errmsg; <span class="comment">/* 存放错误信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_exec(db, <span class="string">&quot;create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Create or open table error:%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Create or open table success!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong><code>none</code></p>
<h2 id="2-回调函数"><a href="#2-回调函数" class="headerlink" title="2. 回调函数"></a><font size=3>2. 回调函数</font></h2><p>这里再来详细说明一下回调函数，前边我们学习函数指针的时候有说过，通过<code>typedef</code>定义一个函数指针的类型的话，可以简化书写方式，于是这个函数就可以写成这个样子：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="title function_">int</span><span class="params">(*sqlite3_callback)</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *, <span class="type">int</span>, <span class="type">char</span> **, <span class="type">char</span> **)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sqlite3_exec</span><span class="params">(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">    sqlite3 *db, </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">    <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *sql, </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">    sqlite3_callback callback, </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">    <span class="type">void</span> *, <span class="type">char</span> **errmsg</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>但是这个函数是存在于库中的，我们是无法修改的，所以我们其实不用管这个，需要使用到回调函数的时候，直接传入一个函数名就可以了，回调函数可以定义成下边的形式：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">callBack</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg, <span class="type">int</span> f_num, <span class="type">char</span> ** f_value, <span class="type">char</span> ** f_name)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【参数说明】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>para</code>：<code>sqlite3_exec</code>传递给回调函数的参数，传入的其实是<code>sqlite3_exec</code>函数的第四个<code>void *</code>的那个参数。</li>
<li><code>f_num</code>：记录中包含的字段数目。</li>
<li><code>f_value</code>：包含每个字段值的指针数组。</li>
<li><code>f_name</code>：包含每个字段名称的指针数组。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，成功返回<code>0</code>（这个其实可以自己定义，一般这个返回值我们并不进行判断）。</p>
<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong></p>
<p>（1）只有在查询语句中，回调函数才会被调用。</p>
<p>（2）有多少条符合条件的查询记录，就会调用多少次回调函数。</p>
<h2 id="3-使用实例"><a href="#3-使用实例" class="headerlink" title="3. 使用实例"></a><font size=3>3. 使用实例</font></h2><h3 id="3-1-不使用回调函数"><a href="#3-1-不使用回调函数" class="headerlink" title="3.1 不使用回调函数"></a><font size=3>3.1 不使用回调函数</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> *errmsg; <span class="comment">/* 存放错误信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> sql[<span class="number">128</span>];<span class="comment">/* 用于暂存SQLite语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> temp[<span class="number">6</span>][<span class="number">128</span>] = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2.创建数据表并输入数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; <span class="number">6</span>; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		bzero(sql, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sql)/<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="type">char</span>));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">strcpy</span>(sql, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_exec(db, sql, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;sqlite3_exec error:%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;sqlite3_exec success!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.关闭数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open success:[not an error]!</span><br><span class="line">create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);</span><br><span class="line">sqlite3_exec success!</span><br><span class="line">Close success:[library routine called out of sequence]!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这说明所有语句都正常执行了，接下来我们打开<code>SQLite</code>来看一下里边的数据：</p><ul><li>打开数据库</li></ul><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite3 user.db</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>设置输出格式</li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite&gt; .head on</span><br><span class="line">sqlite&gt; .mode column</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>查询数据</li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite&gt; select * from fruit;</span><br><span class="line">id          name        price     </span><br><span class="line">----------  ----------  ----------</span><br><span class="line">1           apple       5.0       </span><br><span class="line">2           banana      3.0       </span><br><span class="line">3           pears       3.5       </span><br><span class="line">4           orange      2.5       </span><br><span class="line">5           grape       8.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>可以看到数据都已经写入到数据库中了。</p>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="3-2-使用回调函数"><a href="#3-2-使用回调函数" class="headerlink" title="3.2 使用回调函数"></a><font size=3>3.2 使用回调函数</font></h3><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">callBack</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">void</span> *arg, <span class="type">int</span> f_num, <span class="type">char</span> ** f_value, <span class="type">char</span> ** f_name)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; f_num; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(i &gt; f_num - <span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s:%-19s&quot;</span>, f_name[i], f_value[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s:%-8s&quot;</span>, f_name[i], f_value[i]);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">puts</span>(<span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>); <span class="comment">/* 换行 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> *errmsg; <span class="comment">/* 存放错误信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> sql[<span class="number">128</span>];<span class="comment">/* 用于暂存SQLite语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> temp[<span class="number">7</span>][<span class="number">128</span>] = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;select * from fruit;&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2.创建数据表并输入数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; <span class="number">7</span>; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		bzero(sql, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sql)/<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="type">char</span>));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">strcpy</span>(sql, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_exec(db, sql, callBack, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;sqlite3_exec error:%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>; </span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.关闭数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open success:[not an error]!</span><br><span class="line">create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);select * from fruit;</span><br><span class="line">id:1       name:apple              price:5.0                </span><br><span class="line">id:2       name:banana             price:3.0                </span><br><span class="line">id:3       name:pears              price:3.5                </span><br><span class="line">id:4       name:orange             price:2.5                </span><br><span class="line">id:5       name:grape              price:8.0                </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Close success:[library routine called out of sequence]!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这说明所有语句都正常执行了，接下来我们打开<code>SQLite</code>来看一下里边的数据：</p><ul><li>打开数据库</li></ul><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite3 user.db</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>设置输出格式</li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite&gt; .head on</span><br><span class="line">sqlite&gt; .mode column</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>查询数据</li></ul><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sqlite&gt; select * from fruit;</span><br><span class="line">id          name        price     </span><br><span class="line">----------  ----------  ----------</span><br><span class="line">1           apple       5.0       </span><br><span class="line">2           banana      3.0       </span><br><span class="line">3           pears       3.5       </span><br><span class="line">4           orange      2.5       </span><br><span class="line">5           grape       8.0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>可以看到数据都已经写入到数据库中了。</p>
              </div>
            </details>

<h1 id="五、sqlite3-get-table-函数"><a href="#五、sqlite3-get-table-函数" class="headerlink" title="五、sqlite3_get_table()函数"></a><font size=3>五、<code>sqlite3_get_table()函数</code></font></h1><h2 id="1-函数说明-4"><a href="#1-函数说明-4" class="headerlink" title="1. 函数说明"></a><font size=3>1. 函数说明</font></h2><p>我们可以在这里看到函数原型：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/free_table.html">Convenience Routines For Running Queries (sqlite.org)  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>（或者<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/c3ref/free_table.html">方便的运行查询例程_SQlite中文网  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>）。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">sqlite3_get_table</span><span class="params">(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  sqlite3 *db,          <span class="comment">/* An open database */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *zSql,     <span class="comment">/* SQL to be evaluated */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">char</span> ***pazResult,    <span class="comment">/* Results of the query */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">int</span> *pnRow,           <span class="comment">/* Number of result rows written here */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">int</span> *pnColumn,        <span class="comment">/* Number of result columns written here */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">  <span class="type">char</span> **pzErrmsg       <span class="comment">/* Error msg written here */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params">)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数用于可以不使用回调函数就执行<code>SQLite</code>语句，一般用于执行<code>SELECT</code>查询语句。这是一个旧接口，保留该接口是为了向后兼容，不建议使用此接口。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>db</code>：<code>sqlite3</code>类型指针变量，指向已打开的数据库句柄。</li>
<li><code>zSql</code>：<code>char</code>类型指针变量，指向要执行的<code>SQLite</code>语句首地址。</li>
<li><code>pazResult</code>：<code>char</code>类型三级指针变量，用来指向<code>sql</code>语句执行结果的指针。</li>
<li><code>pnRow</code>：<code>int</code>类型指针变量，表示满足条件的记录的数目。</li>
<li><code>pnColumn</code>：<code>int</code>类型指针变量，每条记录包含的字段数目。</li>
<li><code>pzErrmsg</code>：<code>char</code>类型二级指针变量，指向错误信息指针的地址。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，成功返回<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.sqlite.net.cn/rescode.html#ok">SQLITE_OK</a>，失败返回错误码。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> *errmsg;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">char</span> ** resultp;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> nrow;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> ncolumn;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_get_table(db, <span class="string">&quot;select * from tab_name&quot;</span>, &amp;resultp, &amp;nrow, &amp;ncolumn, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong><code>none</code></p>
<h2 id="2-使用实例-3"><a href="#2-使用实例-3" class="headerlink" title="2. 使用实例"></a><font size=3>2. 使用实例</font></h2><details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><figcaption><span>test.c</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sqlite3.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span>  DATABASE  <span class="string">&quot;user.db&quot;</span> <span class="comment">/* 数据库名称 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	sqlite3 *db;  <span class="comment">/* 数据库指针，代表数据库操作句柄 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> *errmsg; <span class="comment">/* 存放错误信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> sql[<span class="number">128</span>];<span class="comment">/* 用于暂存SQLite语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> temp[<span class="number">6</span>][<span class="number">128</span>] = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="string">&quot;insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.打开数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &amp;db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Open success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2.创建数据表并输入数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; <span class="number">6</span>; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		bzero(sql, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sql)/<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="type">char</span>));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">strcpy</span>(sql, temp[i]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_exec(db, sql, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;sqlite3_exec error:%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>; </span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.打印所有数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> ** resultp;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> nrow;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> ncolumn;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_get_table(db, <span class="string">&quot;select * from fruit&quot;</span>, &amp;resultp, &amp;nrow, &amp;ncolumn, &amp;errmsg) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%s\n&quot;</span>, errmsg);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;nrow = %d, ncolumn=%d\n&quot;</span>, nrow, ncolumn);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> j = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> index = ncolumn;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(j = <span class="number">0</span>; j &lt; ncolumn; j++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%-10s &quot;</span>, resultp[j]);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">puts</span>(<span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; nrow; i++)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span>(j = <span class="number">0</span>; j &lt; ncolumn; j++)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%-10s &quot;</span>, resultp[index++]);</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">puts</span>(<span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.关闭数据库 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(sqlite3_close(db) != SQLITE_OK)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close error:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Close success:[%s]!\n&quot;</span>, sqlite3_errmsg(db));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>在终端执行以下命令编译程序：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc test.c -Wall -lsqlite3 # 生成可执行文件 a.out </span><br><span class="line">./a.out                    # 执行可执行程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后，终端会有以下信息显示：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Open success:[not an error]!</span><br><span class="line">create table if not exists fruit(id int, name char , price REAL);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(1,&#x27;apple&#x27;,5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(2,&#x27;banana&#x27;,3);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(3,&#x27;pears&#x27;,3.5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(4,&#x27;orange&#x27;,2.5);</span><br><span class="line">insert into fruit(id,name,price) values(5,&#x27;grape&#x27;,8);</span><br><span class="line">nrow = 5, ncolumn=3</span><br><span class="line">id         name       price      </span><br><span class="line">1          apple      5.0        </span><br><span class="line">2          banana     3.0        </span><br><span class="line">3          pears      3.5        </span><br><span class="line">4          orange     2.5        </span><br><span class="line">5          grape      8.0        </span><br><span class="line">Close success:[library routine called out of sequence]!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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